A. Primary Sources (Scriptures)
1. The Holy Qur’an.
2. Nahj al-Balāghah.
3. Al-Ṣaḥīfah al-Sajjādiyyah.
B. Secondary Sources
Abercrombie, Nicholas; Stephan Hill; Bryan Turner, 1367 SH. Farhang-e Maʼākhidh va Marājeʻ-e Jāmeʻah Shināsī. Translated by Ḥasan Pūyān. Tehran: Chāpkhash.
Āqā Bakhshī, ʿAlī. 1374 SH. Farhang-e ‘Ulūm-e Siyāsī. Tehran: Markaz-e Iṭṭilā‘āt va Madārik-e ‘Ilmī-ye Īrān.
ʿAẓīzī, ʿAbbās. 1390 SH. Ṣaḥīfah-ye Kāmilah-ye Sajjādiyyah-ye Imām Sajjād (AS). Qom: Intishārāt-e Ṣalāh.
Al-ʿĀmilī, al-Sayyid Muḥsin al-Amīn. 1403 AH. Aʿyān al-Shīʿah. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf.
Burūjirdī, Āqā Ḥusayn. 1386 SH. Jāmiʿ Aḥādīth al-Shīʿah. Tehran: Farhang-e Sabz.
Warram ibn Abi Firas, Masʿūd ibn ʿĪsā. 1410 AH. Majmūʿat Warrām. Qom: Maktabah Faqīh.
Hilālī, Sulaym ibn Qays. n.d. Tārīkh-i Siyāsī-i Ṣadr-i Islām. Translated by Maḥmūd Riḍā Iftikhārzādah. Tehran: Risālat-e Qalam.
Al-Irbilī, ‘Alī ibn ‘Īsā. 1421 AH. Kashf al-Ghummah fī Maʿrifat al-Aʼimmah. Qom: Raḍī.
Iṣfahānī, ‘Imād al-Dīn Ḥusayn. n.d. Zendegānī-ye Ḥaẓrat-e Sajjād Zayn al-ʻĀbidīn (AS). Tehran: n.p.
Al-Kalbī, Hishām ibn Muḥammad. 1364 SH. Al-Aṣnām. Edited by Aḥmad Zakī Bāshā. Tehran: Nashr-e Naw.
Al-Karājakī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. 1394 AH. Maʿdin al-Jawāhir wa Riyāḍat al-Khawāṭir. Edited by Aḥmad Ḥusaynī. Tehran: Al-Maktabah al-Murtaḍawiyyah.
Al-Kulaynī, Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb. 1362 SH. Al-Kāfī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah.
Al-Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir. 1363 SH. Biḥār al-Anwār al-Jāmiʿah li Durar Akhbār al-Aʼimmah al-Aṭhār. Tehran: Islāmiyyah.
Al-Mufīd, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. 1413 AH/1992. Al-Irshād fī Maʿrifat Ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā al-ʿIbād. Qom: Kungirah-ye Shaykh Mufīd.
Al-Ṣadūq, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. 1378 AH. ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (AS). Edited by Mahdī Lājawrdī. Tehran: Nashr-e Jahān.
Al-Ṣadūq, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. 1413 AH. Kitāb Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh. Qom: Daftar-e Intishārāt-e Islāmī, Jāmi‘ah-ye Mudarrisīn Ḥawzah ‘Ilmiyyah Qom.
Al-Ṭabarī, Muḥammad ibn Jarīr. 1387 AH. Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī. Edited by Muḥammad Abū al-Faḍl Ibrāhīm. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth.
‘Aṭārudī, ‘Azīz Allāh. 1388 SH. Musnad al-Imām al-Sajjād (AS). Translated by Muḥammad Riḍā ‘Aṭṭāʼī. Tehran: ‘Aṭṭārd.
ʿAṭwān, Ḥusayn. 1371 SH. Firaq-e Islāmī dar Sarzamīn-e Shām dar ʿAṣr-e Umavī. Translated by Ḥamīd Riḍā Shaykhī. Mashhad: Āstān-e Quds-e Raḍawī.
Ibrāhīm Ḥasan, Ḥasan. 1376 SH. Tārīkh-e Siyāsī-ye Islām. Translated by Abu al-Qāsim Pāyandeh. Tehran: Jāvīdān.
Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad. 1385 AH. Al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir - Dār Bayrūt.
Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl. 1408 AH. Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʼ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Kātib al-Wāqidī, Muḥammad Ibn Saʿd. 1418 AH. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Jurdāq, Jurj. 1376 SH/1997. Imām ‘Alī (ʻa) Ṣidā-ye ‘Adālat-e Insānī. Translated by al-Sayyid Hādī Khurshāhī. Qom: Khurram.
Ḥakīmī, Muḥammad Riḍā. 1380 SH. Al-Ḥayāh. Translated by Aḥmad Ārām. Tehran: Daftar-e Nashr-e Farhang-e Islāmī.
Kishtgar, Amīr; Mīr Ḥusaynī, al-Sayyid Aḥmad; Ja‘farī, ‘Alī. 1399 SH/2020. “Vākāvī-ye Ruykard-e Akhlāq Shināsī-ye Qurʼān-e Karīm dar Muwājahah bā Tab‘īẓ-e Qawmī wa Nijādī.” Faṣlnāmah-ye Pazhūhishnāmah-ye Akhlāq 50: 105–124.
Kiyān, Marjān; Niẓām Islāmī, Fahīmah; Mūsāvand, Saḥar. 1394 SH/2015. “Vākāvī-ye Mafhūm-e Tab‘īẓ-e Nijādī wa Rāhbardhā-ye Muqābalah bā Ān bar Mabnā-ye Farmāyishāt-e Ḥaẓrat-e ‘Alī (ʻa).” Faṣlnāmah-ye Akhlāq 20: 105–132.
Manṣūrī, Farangīs. 1392 SH. “Barrasī-ye Ḥuqūq-e Aqallīyathā-ye Dīnī wa Nijādī dar Ḥukūmat-e Payāmbar-e Islām (ṣ).” Majallah-ye Andīshmandān-e Ḥuqūq 6: 99–113.
Memmī, Albar. 1349 SH/1970. Chihrah-ye Ist‘mārgir, Chihrah-ye Isti‘mārzadah. Translated by Humā Nāṭiq. Tehran: Sharikat-i Sahāmī-i Intishārāt-i Khwārazmī.
Muḥammad Ja‘farī, Rasūl; Jalālī, Mahdī. 1390 SH. “Rāhbardhā-ye Qurʼān barā-ye Muqābalah bā Tab‘īẓ-e Nijādī.” Dufaṣlnāmah-ye Taḥqīqāt-e ʿUlūm-e Qurʼān wa Ḥadīth 16: 141–163.
Mūsawī Muqarram, al-Sayyid ‘Abd al-Razzāq. 1374 SH. Rahbar-e Āzādegān. Translated by Murtaḍā Fahīm Kirmānī. Tehran: Daftar-e Nashr-e Farhang-e Islāmī.
Pāyandah, Abu al-Qāsim. 1382 SH. Nahj al-Faṣāḥah. Tehran: Dunyā-ye Dānish.
Ṣalībī, Zhāsant. 1382 SH. Farhang-e Tawṣīfī-ye Ravān Shināsī-ye Ijtimā‘ī. Tehran: Pazhūhishgāh-e ‘Ulūm-e Insānī wa Muṭāla‘āt-e Farhangī.
Shahīdī, al-Sayyid Jaʿfar. 1362 SH. Tārīkh-e Taḥlīlī-ye Islām tā Pāyān-e Umaviyān. Tehran: Markaz-e Nashr-e Dānishgāhī.
Taqīpūr, ʿAlī Riḍā. 1400 SH. “Ḥuqūq-e Bashar az Dīdgāh-e Ṣaḥīfah-ye Sajjādiyyah wa Risālah-ye Ḥuqūq.” Dufaṣlnāmah-ye Duʿāpazhūhī 1: 97–108.
ʿUrwatī Muvaffaq, Akbar. 1400 SH. “Khud Shināsī va Natāyij va Thamarāt-e Ān dar Āyīnah-ye Ad‘īyah-ye Imām Sajjād (AS).” Dufaṣlnāmah-ye Duʿāpazhūhī 1: 205–218.
ʿIbāḍī, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. 1342 SH. Islām va Masʼalah-ye Nizhādparastī. Translated by al-Sayyid Maḥmūd Khiḍrī. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Baʿthat.
Hāshimī Rafsanjānī, Akbar. 1389 SH. *Farhang-e Qurʼān*. Qom: Bustān-e Kitāb.
Al-Yaʿqūbī, Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaʿqūb. n.d. Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir.